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Bouquet returned to Carlisle, bringing back with him a long column of rescued whites who had been captured during Pontiac's War. Regarded as a great Indian fighter, Armstrong, in an act of irony, came to the aid of the enemy when settlers in Central Pennsylvania committed outrages against peaceful Indians.īy the fall of 1764, Bouquet's troops were able to move into the wilderness beyond Ft. Pitt, so as to break Pontiac's resistance once and for all, but he lacked reinforcements and so returned to Carlisle. A second British expedition under John Armstrong moved from Carlisle up the Susquehanna and destroyed numerous Indian villages.īouquet had hoped to move farther west from Ft. At Bushy Run a large number of warriors engaged the expedition in battle and Pitt was occupied August 10th. Though a flood of refugees complicated his efforts, Bouquet energetically trained his force for an expedition to relieve Ft. His warriors moved as far east as Sherman's Valley, which was separated by only one mountain ridge from Bouquet's encampment. In panic, white settlers in the Carlisle area took revenge on local Indians, only serving to focus Pontiac's attention on Central Pennsylvania. He formed an alliance with other tribes, determined to drive the English into the sea.įorts at Detroit, Niagara and Pitt soon fell. In the early 1760's, the Ottawa chief, Pontiac, was spokesman for the frustrations Indians were experiencing as the French and English took turns laying claim to his peoples' land. John Armstrong was sent with replacement regulars and with cash to pay off the restless colonials. The provincial troops saw little reason to remain in the army, now that the frontier was quiet. Today, the Army War College prepares the next generation of senior leaders.
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The college transformed from a military school preparing officers to work on the Army staff to a graduate-level college, accredited to award a master's degree in strategic studies to students. The Army War College curriculum evolved to focus on the strategic level of war. New security challenges emerged with the fall of the Soviet Union and the information revolution of the 1990s. The college refocused to understand the lessons from World War II and prepare students for the bipolar environment of the Cold War. Lawton Collins reestablished the Army War College at Fort Leavenworth for a single class year before moving to its new home at Carlisle Barracks in October, 1951. In 1950, the school opened again to address the growing Army's need for more officers with an advanced education. During this period, the nation's key World War II leaders including Generals Dwight Eisenhower, George Patton, Omar Bradley and Admiral William Halsey further developed their knowledge and skills as Army War College students.Īs trained and experienced officers were needed during World War II, the college closed its doors in the 1940's. The curriculum included historical studies, responsible command, and the effects of political, social and economic factors on national defense. Reopening in the fall of 1919, the focus shifted from preparing and mentoring the General Staff to the academic studies of war.
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Engagement in World War I followed and the school closed for two years. In 1916, the official relationship between the General Staff and the college ended with the passage of the National Defense Act. The students worked military issues of the day that were of interest to the General Staff while studying national defense, military science, and command.
#CAMP WEELOCK COLOR WAR PROFESSIONAL#
The first War College class of six captains and three majors of the Army and Marine Corps convened November 1st, 1904, as the first professional education beyond West Point.
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As an adjunct to the staff, the college would advise the President, devise plans, acquire information, and direct the intellectual exercise of the Army. On 27 November 1901, Secretary of War, Elihu Root established the Army General Staff and the Army War College to train staff officers by General Order 155. The Army War College was created as a solution to the military failings uncovered during the Spanish-American War. The Army War College - the primary mission at Carlisle Barracks today is defined by its legacy of evolution in response to a changing environment.